Disdrometer has been applied to a wider range of industries from the initial scientific research applications. It will also play a greater role for our lifes.
This article will introduce the definition, principle, application and price of disdrometer separately.
I believe you will gain a lot from the knowledge of raindrop spectrometer from here in 2022.
A disdrometer or called distrometer / rain spectrometer is a laser instrument that measures the drop size distribution falling hydrometeors.
Based on the principle of optical laser active detection, the disdrometer can continuously observe the raindrops definition size, velocity and quantity of raindrops.
It can deduce the drop size distributions, precipitation, radar reflectivity, precipitation type, etc. It can distinguish drizzle, rain, snow, hail, snow and mixed precipitation.
The instrument is sensitive and accurate, and can be used in the field for a long time without maintenance for several industries.
Disdrometer can reflect the microphysical process of precipitation. Studying raindrops spectra is helpful to understand the development and evolution of precipitation and reveal the rain generator in clouds.
When the instrument works, the transmitter emits a stable red horizontal laser beam with 650 nm wavelength. The speed of light passes through the sampling area, which is detected by the laser receiver and converted into electrical signal.
The signal passes through a high-precision and stable amplification circuit, and is synchronously converted into digital signal by the A/D converter in the receiver. The signal is sent to the micro-processing controller and retrieved by the micro-processing controller.
The number of precipitation particles, particle size, falling speed and so on are obtained after sample and calculation. The statistical results are transmitted to the PC through RS-232 or RS-485 serial channel in real time.
Measurement of raindrop sizes:
When no precipitation particles fall through the laser beam, the output signal of the receiver is the largest.
When the precipitation particles pass through the horizontal beam, they block part of the beam with their corresponding diameter, thus reducing the output signal.
We determine the diameter of precipitation particles by the size of signal reduction.
The falling velocity of precipitation particles:
The duration of the electronic signal is calculated. The duration of the electronic signal is the time that precipitation particles begin to enter the beam and leave it completely.
The following parameters can be derived from the number, size and falling velocity of precipitation particles:
Droplet Spectrum of Precipitation
Precipitation types
Precipitation intensity
Radar Reflectivity
The splash shield installed on the laser transmitter and receiver can prevent the rain particles falling on the sensor head from bouncing back and falling into the laser beam, resulting in measurement errors.
Where Disdrometer Can Be Used
Chapter 3
Application Areas:
Traffic
Meteorological
Environmental protection
Hydrology
Application Scenarios:
Typical Application in Artificial Rainfall Work Effectiveness Assessment
Observation of Raindrop Spectrum and Fog
Measurement of Precipitation and Fog Weather Phenomena
ZR Factor Calibration of Rainfall Radar and Weather Radar
The uses for disdrometers are numerous. They can be used for traffic control, scientific examination, airport observation systems, and hydrology. The latest disdrometers employ microwave or laser technologies. 2D video disdrometers can be used to analyze individual raindrops and snowflakes.[2]
Electrical resistivity (also known as specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly that material opposes the flow of electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the flow of electric current. Resistivity is commonly represented by the Greek letterρ (rho). The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm–metre (Ω⋅m).[1][2][3] As an example, if a 1 m × 1 m × 1 m solid cube of material has sheet contacts on two opposite faces, and the resistance between these contacts is 1 Ω, then the resistivity of the material is 1 Ω⋅m.
Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the reciprocal of electrical resistivity, and measures a material’s ability to conduct an electric current. It is commonly represented by the Greek letter σ (sigma), but κ (kappa) (especially in electrical engineering) or γ (gamma) are also occasionally used. Its SI unit is siemens per metre (S/m).
This book presents the fundamentals of polarimetric radar remote sensing through understanding wave scattering and propagation in geophysical media filled with hydrometers and other objects.
A disdrometer is a laser instrument that measures the drop size distribution falling hydrometeors.
What Can A Disdrometer Measure?
Droplet Spectrum of Precipitation
Precipitation types
Precipitation intensity
Radar Reflectivity
Horizontal visibility
What A Disdrometer Can Be Used For?
Evaluation of Artificial Rainfall Efficiency
Soil erosion Assessment
Monitoring of Soil Momentum
Rainfall Radar Coefficient Calibration
Analysis of Regional Rainfall Patterns
Analysis of Extremely Heavy Rainfall
What Is the Disdrometer Price?
Disdrometer is a professional outdoor rainfall analyzer, the price is still relatively high, about $8000-12000.
Can A Disdrometer Replace A Rain Gauge?
No.Their positioning is different. Conventional Tipping rain gauges are mainly used as wmo-approved main rainfall observation equipments, mainly used in the meteorological station system.
The disdrometer is a professional analytical instrument, mainly for scientific research users, independent deployment of the field.
Can A Disdrometer Replace a Visibility Sensor?
Disdrometer can monitor horizontal visibility information, but it is only a subsidiary function, and its monitoring range is small, so it can not replace professional visibility sensor.
Future Disdrometer Reviews
Chapter 7
Finally, some suggestions for the development of disdrometers are given.
1. At present, the detection particle size is 0.2 mm to 5 mm. It is suggested that the detection range be further expanded to meet more real rainfall scenarios.
2. Reducing the data interference of wind and rainstorm to the system by continuously improving filtering algorithm
3. To meet the requirements of IoT equipment by reducing system power consumption and volume and weight.
Leave a Reply
Want to join the discussion?Feel free to contribute!