Safety of transportation are closely related to weather. With the rapid development of transportation, traffic safety accidents are frequent, and the problem of traffic safety protection is becoming more and more prominent, which brings huge losses to people’s lives and property. Meteorological influence is one of the main causes of traffic accidents.
According to statistics from the traffic department, nearly 30% of traffic accidents occur under bad weather conditions, such as low visibility, heavy fog, ice, water, snow, high temperature, strong wind, dust storm, drought, frost, etc. Heavy rainstorms Secondary geological disasters such as floods, mudslides, and landslides are major catastrophic weather that affects traffic safety.
Influence of strong convective weather, such as wind, hail and so on
Strong wind, hail and other strong convective weather can also have a greater impact on traffic, the wind can cause serious damage to buildings, traffic facilities, and so on. When the motor vehicle is overturned by the wind, the ability of the car to drive in the wind and the ability to catch the tires is obviously weakened. According to the theory of wind pressure, the square of the wind speed is proportional to the wind area. When the body wide side is subjected to wind, the force is the largest. The wind speed is above 12m/s, the steering wheel is easy to malfunction and should slow down slowly; the critical wind speed of the highway accident is often 15m/s, the corresponding gust can reach 22m/s. If it is accompanied by rain, the car is more difficult to control.
The wind can cause harm to the railway, bridge, communication and electric power facilities, blow down the road tree, block the traffic, wind up the roadbed, and blow the sand to reduce the visibility. The wind can also directly harm the train so that the speed of the train is slowed down and the train is even overturned. The influence of wind on the water traffic is especially obvious, especially in the open area of water. The ship is not too late to enter the shelter area and often causes the ships to be blown by the wind and so on. Hail can also cause damage to motor vehicles and road traffic facilities, but often hail has a smaller range, short impact time and less influence on traffic than other weather phenomena. Thunderstorms also threaten the safety of transportation facilities, bridges and so on.
The phenomenon of frost and snow caused by low temperature directly affects the friction coefficient of pavement. Road icing and snow will greatly reduce the friction coefficient of the road, and the safe braking distance of the vehicle will also increase correspondingly. Due to the rapid cooling of the bridge or the draught section, the road is easy to freeze. It is easy to cause traffic accidents when the motor vehicle passes through these roads on the normal road. Snow, avalanche, snow and other snow damage to railway traffic is also very important, mainly in snow buried track, slippery road, visibility reduced, driving speed, train late, and even cause subversion of the train, when the snow is more than 70cm, it will cause snow resistance, traffic interruption. Besides, the frozen soil caused by low temperature may cause deformation of railway roadbed. Low temperature caused by frozen rivers also directly affect water transport.
Therefore, the “thick fog” is the “killer” of the expressway. Because of the impact of low visibility on highway safety and direct economic benefits, the consequential loss of economic benefits and bad social impact will be more serious. Fog, precipitation (rain and snow, etc.), air humidity, air dust and smoke are the key factors affecting visibility. Dense fog reduces horizontal visibility, the general visibility is less than 1km, or even less than 200m. For trains, trains will have 800m gliding distances from braking to stop, so it is very easy to have accidents in the fog without slowing down; low road visibility has a great impact on water transportation. When visibility is less than 1500m, ships will be affected and many ports are forced to do so.
In order to provide better traffic weather services and give full play to the resources advantage of this system, the system design fully considers the local climate characteristics and the meteorological requirements, and takes full consideration of the future development. The software architecture method combined C/S and B/S, based on the GIS geographic information system, is used to build a complete set of comprehensive Expressway meteorological monitoring and early warning system, to meet the road. Road meteorological information collection, distribution, and early warning needs.
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